{"id":1005,"date":"2016-07-10T19:32:58","date_gmt":"2016-07-10T18:32:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.insect-communities.cz\/?page_id=1005"},"modified":"2016-07-10T19:32:58","modified_gmt":"2016-07-10T18:32:58","slug":"cestina-koupani-v-piskovnach-prospiva-jejich-biodiverzite","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.insect-communities.cz\/cz\/cestina-koupani-v-piskovnach-prospiva-jejich-biodiverzite\/","title":{"rendered":"Koup\u00e1n\u00ed v p\u00edskovn\u00e1ch prosp\u00edv\u00e1 jejich biodiverzit\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\nPo \u010detn\u00fdch n\u00e1lezech ohro\u017een\u00fdch rostlin i \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f v\u00a0kamenolomech, p\u00edskovn\u00e1ch i na dal\u0161\u00edch siln\u011b naru\u0161en\u00fdch m\u00edstech se pohled p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdc\u016f na takto zd\u00e1nliv\u011b zni\u010den\u00e9 lokality zm\u011bnil. Dnes je ji\u017e dob\u0159e zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00e9 druhy hmyzu, oboj\u017eiveln\u00edk\u016f \u010di rostlin v\u00a0b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 krajin\u011b nenajdeme, n\u00e1padn\u011b \u010dasto v\u0161ak b\u00fdvaj\u00ed nal\u00e9z\u00e1ny pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0p\u00edskovn\u00e1ch. To, \u017ee rekrea\u010dn\u00ed funkce p\u00edskoven p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 i k\u00a0udr\u017een\u00ed druhov\u00e9 bohatosti v\u00a0nich i v\u00a0jejich okol\u00ed, uk\u00e1zala pr\u00e1v\u011b publikovan\u00e1 studie \u010desk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f.<\/p>\n

Druhy spjat\u00e9 s\u00a0obna\u017een\u00fdmi p\u00eds\u010dinami byly toti\u017e v\u017edy z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na pravideln\u00e9m naru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00edse\u010dn\u00e9ho povrchu \u010dinnost\u00ed neregulovan\u00fdch \u0159ek, p\u0159irozen\u00fdmi po\u017e\u00e1ry \u010di pastvou v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch b\u00fdlo\u017eravc\u016f. \u201eKdy\u017e na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 krajinu zkrotili, odstranili t\u00edm i v\u011bt\u0161inu p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch mechanism\u016f, jimi\u017e byly otev\u0159en\u00e9 p\u00eds\u010diny po tis\u00edce let udr\u017eov\u00e1ny. Kv\u016fli tomu dnes p\u00eds\u010diny pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0nejohro\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00edm typ\u016fm prost\u0159ed\u00ed ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b<\/em>,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Luk\u00e1\u0161 \u010c\u00ed\u017eek z\u00a0Biologick\u00e9ho centra AV \u010cR.
\n\"swimming\u0158ada mizej\u00edc\u00edch p\u00edskomiln\u00fdch druh\u016f na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed na\u0161la \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b pr\u00e1v\u011b v p\u00edskovn\u00e1ch, kde t\u011b\u017eba \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zaskakuje za \u201eocho\u010denou\u201c p\u0159\u00edrodu. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vliv na ochran\u00e1\u0159skou hodnotu p\u00edskoven m\u00e1 zp\u016fsob jejich rekultivace. Dnes ji\u017e bezpe\u010dn\u011b v\u00edme, \u017ee technick\u00e9 rekultivace p\u00edskoven zcela zm\u011bn\u00ed charakter nov\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch a ochran\u00e1\u0159sky velmi cenn\u00fdch stanovi\u0161\u0165 a t\u00edm vytla\u010d\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017enou v\u011bt\u0161inu ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u00edskovnu kolonizovaly.<\/p>\n

Ani ponech\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9mu v\u00fdvoji v\u0161ak nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt dlouhodobou v\u00fdhrou. Bez p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho naru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00edskovny d\u0159\u00edve \u010di pozd\u011bji zarostou a druhy obna\u017een\u00fdch p\u00edsk\u016f op\u011bt ztrat\u00ed sv\u016fj \u017eivotn\u00ed prostor. \u201eNem\u016f\u017eeme \u010dekat, \u017ee vegetace v\u00a0p\u00edskovn\u011b samovoln\u011b sho\u0159\u00ed nebo j\u00ed strhne povode\u0148, proto\u017ee takov\u00e9, by\u0165 p\u0159irozen\u00e9 procesy v\u00a0b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 krajin\u011b nevid\u00edme r
\n\u00e1di. Proto ale mus\u00edme p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b trochu pomoci<\/em>,\u201c dopl\u0148uje Robert Tropek z\u00a0P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakulty Univerzity Karlovy v Praze.<\/p>\n

A tak mnohdy p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed ke slovu t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 technika, \"Naru\u0161itel\u00e9\"kterou ochr\u00e1nci p\u0159\u00edrody vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k\u00a0obnov\u011b t\u016fn\u00ed, obna\u017een\u00fdch p\u00eds\u010din nebo hn\u00edzdn\u00edch st\u011bn pro b\u0159ehule a samot\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u010dely. Takov\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy jsou samoz\u0159ejm\u011b drah\u00e9 a \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00e1 p\u00edskovna se v\u0161ak z\u00e1hy st\u00e1v\u00e1 obl\u00edben\u00fdm m\u00edstem pro koup\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00fdlety, motokros a dal\u0161\u00ed aktivity, kter\u00e9 \u010dasto v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b efektivn\u011b potla\u010duj\u00ed buj\u00edc\u00ed vegetaci. V\u011bdci i ochr\u00e1nci p\u0159\u00edrody si proto kladou ot\u00e1zku, jak\u00fd vliv na biodiverzitu
\np\u00edskoven maj\u00ed spont\u00e1nn\u00ed volno\u010dasov\u00e9 aktivity a zda je lze vyu\u017e\u00edt pro ochranu ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 studii se t\u00fdm oborn\u00edk\u016f veden\u00fd Kl\u00e1rou \u0158ehounkovou v\u011bnuje vlivu naru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed stanovi\u0161\u0165 v\u00a0p\u00edskovn\u00e1ch p\u0159i neorganizovan\u00e9m koup\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u011bdci si pro sv\u016fj v\u00fdzkum vybrali p\u00edskovnu Cep II pobl\u00ed\u017e Suchdola nad Lu\u017enic\u00ed na T\u0159ebo\u0148sku, kter\u00e1 je v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011bm mnoh\u00fdch ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f a v\u00a0letn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch i koup\u00e1n\u00ed chtiv\u00fdch rekreant\u016f ze \u0161irok\u00e9ho okol\u00ed. Zjistili, \u017ee velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f rostlin i \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f dlouhodob\u011b neprosp\u00edv\u00e1 na nenaru\u0161ovan\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch. Jako druhov\u011b nejbohat\u0161\u00ed se naopak uk\u00e1zaly pl\u00e1\u017ee s\u00a0nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed koncentrac\u00ed relaxuj\u00edc\u00edch lid\u00ed, respektive jejich mozaika s\u00a0r\u016fzn\u011b zapojen\u00fdmi porosty trav a bylin. Nikoho u\u017e asi nep\u0159ekvap\u00ed, \u017ee biologicky nejchud\u0161\u00edmi stanovi\u0161ti byly borov\u00e9 monokultury, kter\u00e9 bohu\u017eel p\u0159i rekultivac\u00edch p\u00edskoven st\u00e1le hraj\u00ed prim.<\/p>\n

\"exkurze\u201eP\u00edskovny se staly obl\u00edben\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi koupali\u0161ti. N\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdzkum prok\u00e1zal, \u017ee bezd\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 naru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed stanovi\u0161\u0165 p\u0159i rekrea\u010dn\u00edch aktivit\u00e1ch p\u0159\u00edrodu neni\u010d\u00ed, ale naopak j\u00ed zcela zadarmo prosp\u00edv\u00e1. Na rozd\u00edl od drah\u00fdch rekultivac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nejen podle na\u0161\u00ed studie v\u011bt\u0161inu ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f vy\u017eenou nebo zahub\u00ed<\/em>,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Kl\u00e1ra \u0158ehounkov\u00e1 z\u00a0P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakulty Jiho\u010desk\u00e9 univerzity.<\/p>\n

D\u00edky \u00fazk\u00e9mu propojen\u00ed s\u00a0praktickou ochranou p\u0159\u00edrody (dva ze spoluautor\u016f studie jsou \u010dleny environment\u00e1ln\u00edch nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00ed) se z\u00edskan\u00e9 poznatky p\u0159\u00edmo aplikuj\u00ed i v\u00a0praxi. Zejm\u00e9na Calla z\u00a0\u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic je v\u00a0ochran\u011b biodiverzity p\u00edskoven velmi aktivn\u00ed. Koup\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0p\u00edskovn\u00e1ch, zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0t\u011bch aktivn\u00edch \u010di \u010derstv\u011b opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch je kv\u016fli bezpe\u010dnosti legislativn\u011b problematick\u00e9. Proto se Calla v\u011bnuje i jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsob\u016fm naru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed stanovi\u0161\u0165, nap\u0159. vyu\u017eit\u00ed geocachingu pro ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Ve spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0Jiho\u010deskou univerzitou nyn\u00ed zkou\u0161\u00ed, jestli je se\u0161lap milovn\u00edky \u201eke\u0161ek\u201c dostate\u010dn\u00fd pro nlevnou maloplo\u0161nou obnovu zar\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edch m\u00edst (v\u00edce viz http:\/\/www.calla.cz\/objevtesvoupiskovnu<\/a>). Podobn\u00e9 sklouben\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00fdch lokalit k\u00a0volno\u010dasov\u00fdm aktivit\u00e1m a ochran\u011b biodiverzity by m\u011blo b\u00fdt prioritou nejen v\u00a0p\u00edskovn\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

\u201eSklouben\u00ed ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody s\u00a0rekreac\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt na mnoha m\u00edstech pom\u011brn\u011b problematick\u00e9. O to v\u00edce bychom si m\u011bli v\u00e1\u017eit skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee v\u00a0p\u00edskovn\u00e1ch je tomu naopak. Te\u010f z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, zda se rozhodneme vytv\u00e1\u0159et po ukon\u010den\u00ed t\u011b\u017eby borov\u00e9 monokultury, nebo jemnou mozaiku p\u00eds\u010dit\u00fdch pl\u00e1\u017e\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch otev\u0159en\u00fdch stanovi\u0161\u0165. Ide\u00e1lem by vlastn\u011b m\u011blo b\u00fdt jak\u00e9si neform\u00e1ln\u00ed h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b se spoustou spokojen\u00fdch rekreant\u016f a jinde vym\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edch druh\u016f<\/em>,\u201c uzav\u00edr\u00e1 Ji\u0159\u00ed \u0158ehounek z\u00a0Cally.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Citace studie: <\/strong>\u0158ehounkov\u00e1 K., \u010c\u00ed\u017eek L., \u0158ehounek J., \u0160ebel\u00edkov\u00e1 L., Tropek R., Lencov\u00e1 K., Bogusch P., Marhoul P., M\u00e1ca J. (2016) Additional disturbances as a beneficial tool for restoration of post-mining sites: a multi-taxa approach.<\/a> Environmental Science and Pollution Research<\/em>. (voln\u00fd p\u0159eklad titulu: Dodate\u010dn\u00e9 naru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed je prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch prost\u0159edkem pro obnovu m\u00edst naru\u0161en\u00fdch t\u011b\u017ebou)<\/p>\n

\n

Kontakty:<\/strong><\/p>\n

RNDr. Kl\u00e1ra \u0158ehounkov\u00e1, Ph.D. <\/strong>(P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakulta, Jiho\u010desk\u00e1 univerzita, \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice)<\/p>\n

klara.rehounkova@gmail.com<\/a>; tel: 734 269 008; web: http:\/\/www.ekologieobnovy.cz<\/a><\/p>\n

RNDr. Robert Tropek, Ph.D. <\/strong>(P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakulta, Univerzita Karlova v\u00a0Praze)<\/p>\n

robert.tropek@gmail.com<\/a>; tel: 777 755 785; http:\/\/www.insect-communities.cz<\/a><\/p>\n

Mgr. Luk\u00e1\u0161 \u010c\u00ed\u017eek, Ph.D. <\/strong>(Entomologick\u00fd \u00fastav, Biologick\u00e9 centrum AV \u010cR, \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice)<\/p>\n

lukascizek@gmail.com<\/a>; tel: 387 775 221<\/p>\n

RNDr. Ji\u0159\u00ed \u0158ehounek <\/strong>(Calla \u2013 Sdru\u017een\u00ed pro z\u00e1chranu prost\u0159ed\u00ed, \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice)<\/p>\n

RehounekJ@seznam.cz<\/a>; tel. 605\u00a0066\u00a0898, http:\/\/www.calla.cz<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Po \u010detn\u00fdch n\u00e1lezech ohro\u017een\u00fdch rostlin i \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f v\u00a0kamenolomech, p\u00edskovn\u00e1ch i na dal\u0161\u00edch siln\u011b naru\u0161en\u00fdch m\u00edstech se pohled p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdc\u016f na takto zd\u00e1nliv\u011b zni\u010den\u00e9 lokality zm\u011bnil. Dnes je ji\u017e dob\u0159e zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00e9 druhy hmyzu, oboj\u017eiveln\u00edk\u016f \u010di rostlin v\u00a0b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 krajin\u011b nenajdeme,… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.insect-communities.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1005"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.insect-communities.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.insect-communities.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.insect-communities.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.insect-communities.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1005"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.insect-communities.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1005\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1010,"href":"https:\/\/www.insect-communities.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1005\/revisions\/1010"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.insect-communities.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1005"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}